BIRD.BG FRESTATE

Real estate ownership from data.gouv.fr (Nov. 2021), Geocoded data from Koumoul.com, UBO data from inpi.fr. Enter name of country, person, company, siren number, street, city, etc… Click on the number in the results to see the full record. Click on the person or company name to see all the records for this person/company. You can also do partial searches with the * joker. Example: @Nom_Patronymique *ov @realestates yes | @parcels yes returns the people having family names ending at OV, who are linked to companies who owns premisses or land plots in France. The Geotag search locates the land plots, but not the real estate like flats. A list of persons of interest with questionable wealth has been established by investigative journalists team and can be seen here.

Persons: Free text search by name, company, institution, place, etc. The search can be limited to include only the available fields Ex: @name Ivan will search for Ivan only in the field name. For exact phrases search include the text in quotes ex: "Ivan Ivanov" Available fields: @Nom_Greffe @Numero_Gestion @Siren @Type @Nom_Patronymique @Nom_Usage @Pseudonyme @Prenoms @Denomination @Forme_Juridique @Adresse_Ligne1 @Adresse_Ligne2 @Adresse_Ligne3 @Ville @Code_Commune @Pays @Date_Naissance @Ville_Naissance @Pays_Naissance @Nationalite @Qualite @Rep_Perm_Nom @Rep_Perm_Nom_Usage @Rep_Perm_Prénoms @Rep_Perm_Date_Naissance @Rep_Perm_Ville_Naissance @Rep_Perm_Pays_Naissance @Rep_Perm_Nationalité @Rep_Perm_Adr_Ligne1 @Rep_Perm_Adr_Ligne2 @Rep_Perm_Adr_Ligne3 @Rep_Perm_Ville @Rep_Perm_Pays @date_greffe @Libelle_Evt @filename @department @rep_date @realestates @parcels @ubo @poi @vip
Premisses: Free text search by name, company, institution, place, etc. The search can be limited to include only the available fields Ex: @name Ivan will search for Ivan only in the field name. For exact phrases search include the text in quotes ex: "Ivan Ivanov" Available fields: @filename @departement_champ_geographique @code_direction_champ_geographique @code_commune_champ_geographique @nom_commune_champ_geographique @prefixe_references_cadastrales @section_references_cadastrales @ndeg_plan_references_cadastrales @batiment_identification_du_local @entree_identification_du_local @niveau_identification_du_local @porte_identification_du_local @ndeg_voirie_adresse_du_local @indice_de_repetition_adresse_du_local @code_voie_majic_adresse_du_local @code_voie_rivoli_adresse_du_local @nature_voie_adresse_du_local @nom_voie_adresse_du_local @code_droit_proprietaires_du_local @ndeg_majic_proprietaires_du_local @ndeg_siren_proprietaires_du_local @groupe_personne_proprietaires_du_local @forme_juridique_proprietaires_du_local @forme_juridique_abregee_proprietaires_du_local @denomination_proprietaires_du_local @poi @vip
Parcels: Free text search by name, company, institution, place, etc. The search can be limited to include only the available fields Ex: @name Ivan will search for Ivan only in the field name. For exact phrases search include the text in quotes ex: "Ivan Ivanov" Available fields: @filename @departement_champ_geographique @code_direction_champ_geographique @code_commune_champ_geographique @nom_commune_champ_geographique @prefixe_references_cadastrales @section_references_cadastrales @ndeg_plan_references_cadastrales @ndeg_de_voirie_adresse_parcelle @indice_de_repetition_adresse_parcelle @code_voie_majic_adresse_parcelle @code_voie_rivoli_adresse_parcelle @nature_voie_adresse_parcelle @nom_voie_adresse_parcelle @contenance_caracteristiques_parcelle @suf_evaluation_suf @nature_culture_evaluation_suf @contenance_evaluation_suf @code_droit_proprietaires_parcelle @ndeg_majic_proprietaires_parcelle @ndeg_siren_proprietaires_parcelle @groupe_personne_proprietaires_parcelle @forme_juridique_proprietaires_parcelle @forme_juridique_abregee_proprietaires_parcelle @denomination_proprietaires_parcelle @realestates @parcels @vip
Geoloc: Free text search by name, company, institution, place, etc. The search can be limited to include only the available fields Ex: @name Ivan will search for Ivan only in the field name. For exact phrases search include the text in quotes ex: "Ivan Ivanov" Available fields: @Departement @Code Commune @Nom Commune @Adresse @Code parcelle @Code voie rivoli @SUF @Nature culture @Code droit @NMAJIC @NSIREN @Groupe personne @Forme juridique abregee @Denomination @vip

Countries: 1941-10-03 1952-02-25 1954-06-25 1961-10-08 1975-08-27 1977-01-13 1986-03-16 32400 Riscle ABU DHABI AFGHANISTAN AFRIQUE Afrique du Sud Albanie Algerie Allemagne Andorre Angleterre ANGOLA ANGUILLA ANTIGUA ET BARBUDA Antigua-Et-Barbuda ANTILLE NEERLANDAISES ANTILLES NEERLANDAISES ANTILLES NEERLANDAISES (C APATRIDE ARABIE SAOUDITE Argentine Arménie AUSTRALIE AUTRES PAYS Autriche AZERBAIDJAN Bahamas Bahreïn Bangladesh BARBADE BELARUS Belgique Belize BELIZE (Ex HONDURAS BRITA BENIN Bermudes BIELORUSSIE BOLIVIE Bosnie-Herzegovine Botswana Brésil Brésilienne Brunei BRUNEI DARUSSALAM Bulgarie BURKINA Burkina Faso Burundi CAIMANES (ILES) CAIMANS (ILES) Cambodge CAMBODGE (Ex KAMPUCHEA) Cameroun Canada CAP-VERT Centrafricaine (Republiqu CHILI Chine Chypre Colombie Comores Congo CONGO BRAZZAVILLE (REPUBL CONGO KINSHASA (REPUBLIQU Congo-Kinshasa (Rép. Démo COREE (REP. POP. DEMOCRAT COREE (REPUBLIQUE DE) Corée du Nord COREE DU NORD (REPUBLIQUE Corée du Sud COREE DU SUD (REPUBLIQUE COSTA RICA COTE D'IVOIRE Croatie Cuba Danemark Djibouti DOMINICAINE (REPUBLIQUE) DOMINIQUE DUBAI Egypte EL SALVADOR Emirats arabes unis EQUATEUR Espagne ESTONIE Etats Unis D'Amerique Etats-Unis Etats-Unis d'Amérique Ethiopie Fidji Finlande France FRANCE METROPOLITAINE Gabon Gambie GEORGIE Ghana GIBRALTAR GRECE Grenade GUADELOUPE GUADELOUPE (DEPARTEMENT) GUATEMALA Guinee GUINEE EQUATORIALE GUINEE-BISSAU Guyana GUYANE FRANÇAISE HAITI HONDURAS Hong Kong Hong-Kong HONGRIE ILE DE MAN ILE MAURICE ILES MINEURES ELOIGNEES D ILES SALOMON Iles Vierges (Britaniques ILES VIERGES (BRITANNIQUE ILES VIERGES (USA) ILES VIERGES BRITANNIQUES ILES WALLIS ET FUTUNA Inconnu INCONNU (NE PAS AFFICHER) Inde Indonésie IRAK Iran Iraq Irlande IRLANDE, OU EIRE Islande Israël Italie Jamaïque Japon Jersey Jordanie Kazakhstan Kenya Kirghizistan Kosovo Koweït LA REUNION Laos LAOS (REP. DEMOCRATIQUE P LAOS (RÉPUBLIQUE DÉMOCRAT Lesotho Lettonie LIBAN LIBERIA Libye Liechtenstein LITUANIE londres Luxembourg MACAO MACEDOINE Madagascar MALAISIE MALDIVES MALI Malte Mariannes du Nord (îles) Maroc Marshall (Iles) MARTINIQUE MARTINIQUE (DEPARTEMENT) Maurice Mauritanie MAYOTTE Mexique Moldavie MOLDAVIE (REPUBLIQUE DE) MOLDOVA (REPUBLIQUE DE) MONACO Mongolie MONTENEGRO MONTENEGRO (REPUBLIQUE) Mozambique MYANMAR MYANMAR (Ex BIRMANIE) Namibie NEPAL NICARAGUA Niger NIGERIA NORVEGE NOUVELLE CALEDONIE Nouvelle Zelande NOUVELLE-CALEDONIE Nouvelle-Zélande OMAN Ouganda Ouzbekistan PAKISTAN Palestine Panama Paraguay PAYS BAS PAYS-BAS Pérou PHILIPPINES Pologne POLYNESIE FRANCAISE PORTO RICO Portugal Qatar République centrafricaine Republique Democratique C République démocratique d République dominicaine REPUBLIQUE DU CAP VERT REPUBLIQUE DU CONGO REPUBLIQUE SLOVAQUE République Tchèque REUNION (DEPARTEMENT) ROUMANIE ROYAUME UNI Royaume-Uni Russie RUSSIE (FEDERATION DE) RWANDA SAINT-BARTHELEMY Saint-Christophe-et-Niévè Saint-Marin SAINT-VINCENT ET GRENADIN SAINT-VINCENT-ET-LES-GREN SAINTE HELENE SAINTE-LUCIE SÉNÉGAL SERBIE SERBIE DE (REPUBLIQUE) SERBIE ET MONTENEGRO Serbie-Et-Monténégro Seychelles SEYCHELLES ET DEPENDANCES SHARJAH SIERRA LEONE Singapour SLOVAQUIE Slovénie Somalie SOUDAN SRI LANKA Suède Suisse Swaziland SYRIE SYRIENNE (REPUBLIQUE ARAB Tadjikistan Taiwan Taïwan (province de Chine Tanzanie Tchad Tchécoslovaquie Tcheque (Republique) TCHEQUIE Thaïlande TIMOR ORIENTAL Togo Trinite Et Tobago TRINITE-ET-TOBAGO Tunisie Turkmenistan Turquie U.R.S.S. UKRAINE UNION EUROPEENNE URSS Uruguay US Vanuatu VANUATU (ANC NLLES HEBRID VATICAN (SAINT-SIEGE) Venezuela VIERGES BRITANNIQUES (ILE Viêt Nam VIETNAM Yemen YOUGOSLAVIE ZAIRE ZAMBIE Zimbabwe ZIMBABWE (Ex RHODESIE)

UBO Citizenships: -AFGHANEALBANAISEALGERIENNEALLEMANDALLEMANDEAMERICAINEAMERICAINE (ETATS UNIS)ANDORRANEANGLAISANGLAISEAPATRIDEARGENTINEARMENIENNEAUSTRALIENNEAUTRICHIENNEAZERBAIDJANAISEBAHREINIENNEBELGEBENINOISEBIELORUSSEBosniaqueBRESILIENNEBRITANIQUEBRITANNIQUEBULGARECAMBODGIENNECAMEROUNAISECANADIENNECentrafricaineChilienneChinoiseCHYPRIOTECOLOMBIENNECOMORIENNECONGOLAISECoreenneCOSTARICAINECroateDANOISEdes Émirats arabes unisdu BruneiEGYPTIENNEEMIRIENNEEQUATORIENNEESPAGNOLEESTONIENNEFFANCAISEFinlandaiseFRAFRANCAISFRANCAISEFRANCAISE ET SUISSEFRANCAISE/BRITANNIQUEGRECQUEHAITIENNEHOLLANDAISEHONG KONGHong-KongHONGROISEIndienneINDONESIENNEIRANIENNEIRLANDAISEIslandaiseISRAELIENNEITALIENNEIVOIRIENNEJaponaiseJORDANIENNEKazakheKOWEITIENNELIBANAISELibyenneLITUANIENNELUXLUXEMBOURGEOISEMALAISIENNEMalgacheMALIENNEMALTAISEMAROCAINEMAURICIENNEMEXICAINEMOLDAVEMonégasqueMONGOLENEERLANDAISNEERLANDAISEnéo ZélandaiseNEW-ZELANDAISNORVEGIENNEPAKISTANAISEPANAMEENNEPHILIPPINEPOLONAISEPortugaiseQATARIENNEROUMAINERusseSAOUDIENNESénégalaiseSERBESINGAPOURIENNESIUSSESLOVAQUESRI-LANKAISESud-AfricaineSUD-COREENNESUEDOISESUISSESyrienneTADJIKETAIWANAISTBCTCHEQUETHAILANDAISETOGOLAISETrinidadienneTUNISIENNETURQUEUKRAINIENNEVENEZUELIENNEVietnamienneYéméniteYOUGOSLAVE

The search 03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY found 40 results

#	Company	Address	REF Geotag
584932	DEBOST SCI 389265257 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0004, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000AV0009 Surface: 613 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.066072, 3.465457
584965	GESTRIM VICHY SAS 344434279 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0059, AV DE THIERS	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000AW0037 Surface: 264 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.061350, 3.467503
584968	GESTRIM VICHY SAS 344434279 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0059, AV DE THIERS	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000AW0038 Surface: 98 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.061420, 3.467716
584969	GESTRIM VICHY SAS 344434279 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0059, AV DE THIERS	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000AW0039 Surface: 1570 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.061243, 3.467615
584972	GESTRIM VICHY SAS 344434279 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0059, AV DE THIERS	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000AW0040 Surface: 501 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.061073, 3.467161
584997	CA VICHY COMMUNAUTE COAG 200071363 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE THIERS	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000AX0107 Surface: 15519 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.061398, 3.464046
585053	CA VICHY COMMUNAUTE COAG 200071363 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE THIERS	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000AZ0067 Surface: 1764 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.053893, 3.469829
585203	SCI NOUVELLE SCI U24788696 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0017, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BD0203 Surface: 657 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.066701, 3.464510
585309	AYUBOWAN SC 453652513 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0021 Surface: 892 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.075892, 3.463930
585310	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0036 Surface: 209 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.074137, 3.464528
585311	ENEDIS SA 444608442 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0128, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0042 Surface: 7787 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.075684, 3.465492
585312	ENEDIS SA 444608442 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0128, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0042 Surface: 7787 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.075684, 3.465492
585313	AMAURY 32 SCI 490585957 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0130, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0043 Surface: 2576 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.075867, 3.465153
585314	AMAURY 32 SCI 490585957 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0130, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0043 Surface: 2576 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.075867, 3.465153
585315	AMAURY 32 SCI 490585957 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0132, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0044 Surface: 2469 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.075991, 3.464980
585316	AMAURY 32 SCI 490585957 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0132, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0044 Surface: 2469 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.075991, 3.464980
585323	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BI0132 Surface: 2736 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 0.000000, 0.000000
585327	LS2T SCI 790971295 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0059, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BK0074 Surface: 1192 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.071557, 3.463338
585328	LS2T SCI 790971295 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0059, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BK0074 Surface: 1192 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.071557, 3.463338
585329	LS2T SCI 790971295 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BK0076 Surface: 111 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.071574, 3.463880
585342	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0016, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BL0063 Surface: 591 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.067111, 3.465100
585354	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BL0195 Surface: 129 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070115, 3.464302
585381	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BL0287 Surface: 889 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.068475, 3.465830
585382	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BL0288 Surface: 943 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.068343, 3.465897
585394	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0096 Surface: 16 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.067200, 3.464694
585395	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0025, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0097 Surface: 7128 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.067241, 3.463933
585396	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0029, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0105 Surface: 674 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.067707, 3.464211
585397	RJR SAINT-YORRE SCI 812745966 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0039, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0113 Surface: 1358 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.068215, 3.464094
585398	MYL SCI 508581337 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0115 Surface: 758 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.068452, 3.463982
585399	CORONA 10 SCI 523629707 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0116 Surface: 408 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.068591, 3.463748
585404	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0144 Surface: 4646 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070991, 3.462540
585405	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0145 Surface: 312 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070356, 3.462565
585406	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0047, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0146 Surface: 2034 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070837, 3.462533
585407	BASSE DORE LA SCI 425077773 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0047, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0150 Surface: 860 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070610, 3.463569
585408	BASSE DORE LA SCI 425077773 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0151 Surface: 112 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070644, 3.463767
585409	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0047, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0152 Surface: 808 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070563, 3.463800
585410	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0047, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0153 Surface: 4867 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070504, 3.463248
585411	COMMUNE DE SAINT YORRE COM 210302642 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0154 Surface: 773 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070196, 3.462820
585412	GENTY ET FILS SCI 807877220 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE 0047, AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0155 Surface: 2208 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.070222, 3.463479
585414	MYL SCI 508581337 @Company @Persons	03264 SAINT-YORRE AV DE VICHY	Department: 03 Parcel Code: 03264000BM0157 Surface: 63 Location: Zoom Google Maps: 46.068534, 3.464068

Financial support for this project is provided by Transborder Corruption Archives TBCArchives.org and OCCRP

Investigations using this database:

International:

OCCRP and partners:

Russian Asset Tracker

The Luxury French Real Estate of Alleged Latin American Money Launderers and Officials Accused of Corruption

Russia:

Сен-Жан-Кап-Ферра наш. Как видные россияне заселили один из самых роскошных курортов мира на Лазурном берегу Франции

Ukraine:

ФІРТАШ МАЄ ВИНОРОБНИЙ БІЗНЕС У ФРАНЦІЇ ЗА 7,6 МІЛЬЙОНІВ ЄВРО

Bulgaria:

Топлофикация – Франция: Как шефка на “топлото” в Перник даде 6.5 милиона заем на тъста на Ковачки за вила на Лазурния бряг

Бившият шеф на енергетиката Милко Ковачев с имот в Биариц

Howto: Find the real estate owned by a French company

Do a search by person or UBO or company and locate the persons tagged with Land plots or Premisses. The search operator @realestates yes | @parcels yes in the Persons search will limit the search to those having a land plot or premisses.
Click on @Geotag to locate the land plots on the map. Detailed cadastral information is available in @Locaux/Premises or @Parcelles/Land Plots.
Locate the Department (two digits) the Place, the two letters Section and the four digits Parcel N°. Exemple: AA 0011. This information is also available in the Parcel Code in Geotag. The first 5 digits of the Parcel Code are the post code and the last letters/digits are the Section and Parcel N° (ex: 302580000D0143 means post code 30258 ST GILLES CAVALES and last 5 symbols are the Section D and the parcel N° 143).
Go to https://www.cadastre.gouv.fr/scpc/accueil.do, Select English and click on “Search by cadastral reference instead”.
Fill the place, the post code, select the department number from the drop down menu, fill the Section and the Parcel N° with the three last digits only. Click on Search
If there is a result the system will give a link to show the parcel on the map. You can zoom on the map and match it with Google Maps.